SOCIETY AND LANGUAGE
Saidova Mahzuna Farhod qizi
INTRODUCTION
Language is a product of the socio-historical development of humanity, which directly participates in all spheres of social life. Language is not only a means of communication, but also the most important socio-cultural phenomenon reflecting national culture, mentality, historical memory, traditions. From this point of view, the study of language in the context of society, that is, in connection with the social environment and culture, is one of the current scientific directions in linguistics today.
In recent years, the trend of studying language units from a sociocultural perspective has been increasing on the basis of the directions of linguoculturology and sociolinguistics. In particular, it is important to study how society is expressed through language by identifying and analyzing linguoculturological units used in texts. This, in turn, allows for the joint study of the communicative, ideological, cognitive and cultural functions of language. The inextricable link between language and society is considered one of the important directions of modern linguistics. Directions such as sociolinguistics and linguoculturology create the basis for analyzing language not only as a system of structural units, but also as a socio-cultural code. From this point of view, identifying linguoculturological units in texts and studying their communicative significance in society is one of the necessary directions for modern scientific research in linguistics.
Linguocultural units are understood as language units that are inherent in a particular culture, are entrenched in the social consciousness, and carry a national-religious and historical meaning. Through them, values, mentality, traditions, and historical thinking in society are manifested.
A full-fledged and coherent methodology for the scientific classification of linguocultural units and determining their real communicative function in society has not yet been formed. The degree of connection of these units with sociocultural factors has not been sufficiently analyzed in Uzbek linguistics.
It is necessary to study such units on the basis of the text using a comprehensive approach – that is, based on semantic, pragmatic, discursive and ethnolinguistic criteria. In particular, it is possible to determine the cultural connotations of language units using ethnolinguistic indicators, and through discursive analysis to study the dynamics of these units in social communication.
Main scientific approaches and examples
1. Classification of linguocultural units (Karasik, 2002):
Karasik divides linguistic units into “universal”, “national-cultural”, “individual” levels. For example, units such as “dua olmoq”, “aq fatiha”, “or-nomus” in the Uzbek language embody national-cultural codes. These units express moral norms and religious values in society.
2. Sociocultural codes in texts (Vorkacheva, 2009):
Vorkacheva emphasizes that social roles and statuses are reflected through linguocultural units. For example, expressions such as “otar kiz”, “kelin salom” used in literary texts indicate social roles in Uzbek society.
3. Discursive analysis:
In particular, expressions such as “praising the homeland” and “living with the pain of the people” used in journalistic texts perform a sociopragmatic function. They serve to strengthen the dominant ideologies in society.
4. Reflection of national thinking through linguocultural units:
Example: Through expressions such as “to become an Asian”, “to melt like this”, “to melt like this”, “to my native language – it has become ingrained in my soul”, found in the poems of Sultan Jora, the author reveals the connection between national identity, feelings for language and social values.
Conclusion
Linguo-cultural units in the language are a bridge between society and culture, through which the cultural memory of society, historical views, and national values are strengthened in language texts. With the help of these units, language is not only a means of transmitting information, but also a communicative system with the power to form and strengthen social consciousness.
The analysis shows that linguo-cultural units not only reflect national identity, but also continuously transmit socio-philosophical concepts such as social norms, cultural stereotypes, moral standards, and historical monuments through texts. This shows that when analyzing language, it is necessary to study it not only as a structural or grammatical phenomenon, but also as a socio-cognitive phenomenon.
In the future, it will be possible to have a more complete picture of the social position of language in society by studying the relationship between language and society in linguistics in more depth through linguocultural units, especially by determining the role of these units in national literary texts, folklore, journalism, political and social discourses. Linguocultural units are a key factor in shedding light on the complex relationship between society and language. Language acts not only as a means of communication, but also as a means of cultural thinking and social identification. The use of linguocultural units in the analysis of texts allows for a deep analysis of values, ideologies, traditions, and social roles in society. This creates the need to consider the triad of language-culture-society as a stable scientific model in modern linguistics.
Saidova Mahzuna
Uzbekistan
SHAHRISABZ STATE PEDAGOGICAL INSTITUTE
FACULTY OF PHILOLOGY, UZBEKISTAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT 3RD STUDENT, GROUP 2.22
