WIRED AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION MEANS
Saidova Nargiza Botyrovna
Berdiyeva Gulnoza Rizokulovna
Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute is a teacher of information technology
2nd year student of the Faculty of Pedagogy of the Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute
Abstract: This article examines the main types, features and fields of application of wired and wireless communication devices. Wired communications use physical cables or fibers to transmit information and provide high stability, but are not considered mobile. And wireless means of communication transmit information through electromagnetic waves, allowing for greater flexibility and mobility. Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of both types of communication tools, their role and importance in modern technologies is analyzed. This analysis helps to make choices in the development of communication systems and is directed to applications in various fields.
Keywords: Physical cable, wi-fi, bluetooth, mobile communication, local network, satellite communications, radio waves.
Enter. In modern society, communication tools have become an integral part of people’s lives. As a result of the development of information technologies, the possibilities of fast and efficient transfer of information are expanding. Wired and wireless communication technologies are the main support of this process. Wired communication relies on physics-based cable systems that provide high speed and stability. However, their location-based nature limits it. Wired communication – transmission and reception of information by means of electrical signals. It is divided into long-distance (intercity) and local (intra-city) types. Transmission and reception of information by sound (telephone communication), transmission and reception of information in the form of conventional signs or letters and numbers, using broadcasting equipment (telegraph communication), fixed images – photographs, drawings, pictures (facsimile communication) or moving images can be transmitted in the form of (television). Wired communication uses underground communication cables, electronic signal amplifiers and other devices. Wired communication is often used in conjunction with radio communication.
Wireless communication, on the other hand, transmits information through electromagnetic waves and offers more freedom and mobility. Technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular communication are widely used in modern life and connect billions of people around the world. 2 In addition, there are financial inconveniences such as the consumption of raw materials for the preparation of wires. In order to avoid such inconveniences and financial losses, new modern wireless communications have been developed. To give examples of this, first of all, mobile communication and wireless communication system, which is considered one of the most convenient communication methods. Wireless communication includes Wi-Fi, Wi-MAX, Wi-Bro and a number of similar communication technologies. In addition, there are financial disadvantages such as the consumption of raw materials for the preparation of wires.
Result and discussion: New modern communication wireless communications have been developed to avoid such inconveniences and financial losses. To give examples of this, first of all, mobile communication and wireless communication system, which is considered one of the most convenient communication methods. Wireless communication includes Wi-Fi, Wi-MAX, Wi-Bro and a number of similar communication technologies. WIRELESS LOCAL NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES: PAST AND FUTURE The history of wireless communication technologies began with the first radio signal transmission at the end of the 19th century, and the appearance of amplitude modulation radio receivers in the 20s of the 20th century greatly influenced the development of these technologies. . By the 1970s, the first wireless radiotelephones were created that transmitted sound through radio waves. Initially, they worked on analog networks, but in the early 80s, the GSM standard was developed, which marked the beginning of the transition to digital standards, which provides good spectrum distribution, the best quality signal and the best security. In the 90s of the 20th century, the processes of strengthening the state of wireless networks took place, which led to the rapid development of these technologies. New CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access – channel code distribution technology), GSM (Global Systems for Mobile Communications – global system of mobile communication networks), TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access – channel distribution technology by time), 802.11, WAP (Wireless Application Protocol -wireless technology protocol), 3G and 4G (third and fourth generation technologies), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service, packet data transmission service), Bluetooth (medium and short range network), EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution, an improved GSM network) and the diversity of similar technologies mean that a fundamental shift is beginning in this field.
Analysis of literature on the topic. There are many studies and scientific literature on the development of wired and wireless communication technologies. They are aimed at studying the main directions, stages of development, advantages and disadvantages in this field. Below is a general analysis of the literature in this area.
1. Literature on wired communication. Works on wired communication technologies mainly analyze the technical capabilities of cable systems. For example:
Fiber Optics: Research on this topic emphasizes the high speed and low loss levels of optical signals. R.K. Research conducted by Singh (2018) details the expansion and high-speed transmission capabilities of fiber optic communication networks.
Ethernet networks: Literature on Ethernet technology, such as that by Tannenbaum and Wetherall (2021), analyzes the working principles and development of cable-based networking.
While wired communication technologies provide stability and high speed, infrastructure installation and modernization issues are expensive.
2. Literature on wireless communication. Research on wireless communication technologies is mainly focused on the transmission of information through mobile networks and electromagnetic waves.
5G Technology: Research by A. Gupta and R. Jha (2020) highlights the advantages of 5G technology such as high speed, minimal latency and wide coverage.
Wi-Fi and Bluetooth: Literature by K. Pahlavan and P. Krishnamurthy (2019) highlights the utility of these technologies for indoor communication networks.
Radio waves: U. Y. Zeynalov (2017) shows the principles of transmitting signals through radio waves and the difficulties of this process.
Conclusions and recommendations: Although wired communication technologies provide stability and high speed, the issues of infrastructure installation and modernization are expensive. Wireless technologies increase mobility, but are susceptible to signal interference and distance issues. Integration of Wired and Wireless Technologies: The literature on software and hardware solutions discusses the combination of these two technologies. For example, J. Andrews et al. (2014) analyze ways to improve communication systems by using wired and wireless technologies together. Research on the security features of wired and wireless technologies, such as the work by Stallings (2020), emphasizes encryption and security protocols. The results of the literature review show that wired and wireless technologies complement each other, and each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Scientific research calls for attention to modern innovative technologies to increase achievements in this field. Wired and wireless means of communication play an important role in the modern world. Wired communication means are characterized by high reliability and high-quality data transmission, while wireless means provide mobile convenience, multi-functionality and wide coverage. With the development of today’s technologies, wireless communication tools, in particular, innovative solutions such as 5G and IoT, are widely used. But wired technology is still dominant in areas where high speed and security are required, such as corporate networks and data centers. Thus, both means of communication have their own advantages and disadvantages. When choosing a technology, its effectiveness, economic aspects and ease of use should be taken into account.
Offers.
1. Development of integration:
Implementation of innovative solutions combining wired and wireless technologies. For example, the transmission of large streams of data through a wired connection, and smaller data through a wireless network.
2. Infrastructure development:
Broad implementation of new generation fiber optic networks for wired technologies. Increasing wireless coverage in areas with large populations.
3. Ensuring security:
Use of advanced encryption technologies for wireless networks.
Strengthen additional security measures for data transmission in wired networks.
4. Education and knowledge improvement:
Development of special educational courses and trainings for the training of telecommunications specialists.
5. Effective use of resources:
Consideration of expediency in the choice of technologies. For example, widespread implementation of wireless networks in remote areas and cost optimization.
6. Improving energy efficiency:
Development of low-power devices for wired technologies. Expanding technologies for efficient use of battery power in wireless communication devices.
7. Introduction of innovative technologies:
Expanding the 5G network globally. Creating secure and stable communication platforms for IoT (Internet of Things) based applications. These proposals serve to accelerate technological development and increase the efficiency of communication tools.
Research methods:
Communication tools, especially wired and wireless technologies, can be used in various research methods. For example:
1. Theoretical methods help to study the scientific foundations of the subject. Various research methods can be used when writing an article or research on communication media, especially wired and wireless technologies. We give examples of methods of studying books, articles, technical documents and other sources to understand the historical development of communication tools and modern technologies.
Comparison Method: Compare the differences, advantages and disadvantages of wired and wireless technologies.
Modeling: Creation of a theoretical model of the operation of communication systems and mathematical analysis of their effectiveness.
2. Practical research methods can be focused on the study of real situations.
Experimental method: Testing the performance of wired and wireless communication systems. For example, data transmission speed or signal quality systems are used.
Monitoring and tracking method: Monitor the performance of communication tools in different environments and record the results. Measuring signal quality, bandwidth, and latency through devices is part of the way data is measured and collected.
3. It is used to process and analyze data collected from statistical methods.
Survey and interview: It is a technique of asking users about the ease of use, problems and advantages of communication technologies.
Statistical data analysis: Analyze data in the form of charts, tables, and graphs to draw conclusions about system performance.
4. Innovative methods are used for technological development and research of new possibilities.
Prototyping: The technology of developing a new communication tool or system for testing.
Computer simulation: A technology for testing and evaluating system performance in a virtual environment.
5. Historical-analytical method.
It is a method of studying the historical development processes of wired and wireless means of communication, analyzing important discoveries and technological innovations. These methods are adapted depending on the purpose and scope of the research. For example, while literature analysis and statistical methods play a key role in writing a scientific paper on wireless technologies, practical experiences are important in the development of new devices. Study books, articles, technical documents, and other sources to understand the historical development of communication tools and modern technologies.
References:
1. Bojkovskiy V.G., “Fundamentals of Telecommunications”, Moscow: Radio and Communication, 2020.
2. Tanenbaum A.S., “Computer Networks”, Moscow: Williams, 2019.
3. Stallings W., “Wireless Communications and Networks”, Prentice Hall, 2020.
4. Fomin S.V., “Opticheskie i kabelnye seti svyazi”, Moscow: Goryachaya line – Telekom, 2018.
5. Kumar R., “Development of Wireless Communication Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2021.
6. Abdullaev A.N., “Evolution of technological cable communication”, Russian Journal of Communication and Telecommunications, 2020.
7. Singh J., “Comparison of Wired and Wireless Communication for IoT Applications”, Elsevier ScienceDirect, 2022.
Saidova Nargiza Botyrovna
Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute, Faculty of Pedagogy, 2nd year student of Biology