Pardayeva Dildora
Innovative ideas on green economy
Abstract –
This article provides information on the advantages and effectiveness of innovative ideas on the green economy. The green economy is an alternative vision for growth and development; one that contributes to economic development and the improvement of people’s lives in a way that is consistent with improving the environment and social well-being. The general purpose of the article is to discuss a number of problems faced in the implementation of sustainable technological changes and which should be properly understood by politicians and experts at different levels in society.
Key words: Green economy, greening, investment, digital technologies, health resource, ecology, sustainable development, green bond, agriculture, health factors.
A green economy is an economy aimed at reducing environmental risks and environmental scarcity and aims at sustainable development without damaging the environment. In the experience of economic development of the developed countries of the world, the issue of increasing economic efficiency is inextricably linked with solving the problem of sustainable development based on the wide application of the principles of “Green Economy”. The greening of economic development has created a green economy based on the close connection between economic and environmental problems. Attempts to define the interrelationship between economy and ecology, the problems in this area and the nature of ecological economy in the context of economic growth and its connection with sustainable development have not yet led to any agreement… there is no agreed definition either. That is why the lack of a clear definition of the green economy, the quality of the economic phenomenon that limits its development potential, does not allow us to use it.
Today, sustainable development of the country, promotion of green technologies, introduction of “green” innovations, assistance to private investors, including small businesses, in the introduction of “green” innovations, improvement of personnel skills, careful attitude to energy and resources In the formation of culture, seminars like today are important in the educational process. The concept of “sustainable development” is becoming the main goal of the countries of the world.
The strategy of the transition to the “Green” economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
By implementing the strategy of transition to the “green economy”, it is desirable to reduce the economy’s consumption of energy and resources, widely introduce cost-effective technologies in production, and expand the use of renewable technologies. Sh. Mirziyoyev.
The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan signed the decision “On approval of the strategy of the transition to the “green” economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period of 2019-2030″.
The following were defined as the main tasks of the transition of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the “green” economy:
increasing energy efficiency of the economy and rational use of natural resources through technological modernization and development of financial mechanisms;
inclusion of “green” criteria based on advanced international standards in the priorities of state investments and expenditures;
to support the implementation of pilot projects in the directions of transition to a “green” economy by developing mechanisms of state incentives, public-private partnerships, and activating cooperation with international financial institutions;
development of the system of training and retraining of personnel related to the labor market in the “green” economy at the expense of encouraging investment in education, developing cooperation with leading foreign educational institutions and research centers;
Taking measures to mitigate the negative impact of the ecological crisis on the island;
strengthening international cooperation in the field of “green” economy, including by concluding bilateral and multilateral agreements.
Ways to improve the environmental situation in Uzbekistan
Sarvinoz TULIYEVA Abdulla qizi, [07.10.2024 9:06]
The main strategic goals of the Republic of Uzbekistan in terms of nature protection and its rational use are:
Creating favorable conditions for the health of the population, maintaining biospheric balance; Using natural resources with a view to the effectiveness and stability of the socio-economic development of Uzbekistan, maintaining the balance of the production and consumption processes of renewable natural resources, the production of non-renewable resources, the rational use of waste; restoration of nature regeneration at regional and local levels; preservation of the original types of nature and the diversity of their gene pool.
To improve the disastrous ecological, economic and social situation related to the problem of the Aral Sea, to provide the population with quality drinking water in order to preserve the Aral Sea. In order to provide the inhabitants of the Aral Sea with normal sanitary conditions and food, it is necessary to develop a unified water management policy together with the Central Asian countries in a short period of time, and the water that each Republic can pour into the Aral Sea, that is, all the waters of the Aral Sea activities such as preservation of natural lakes are planned.
The main direction of atmospheric air protection is to improve the quality of atmospheric air in cities and populated areas, then to comply with sanitary and hygienic regulations, to reduce waste in all regions of our Republic, to create low-waste technologies, to create new dust collecting and cleaning devices and to develop them. increasing output efficiency, replacing outdated devices with improvements, etc. The drying up of the Aral Sea also caused climate change. Due to the drought, the extreme continentality of the climate has increased. The change in temperature between the sea and the land, the increase in the wind speed, led to the strengthening of the phenomenon of water waves.
Mammals and birds have declined. The dry areas are filled with rodents that spread dangerous diseases. The sanitary-epidemiological situation of the island is getting extremely serious. If the problems arising in nature are not solved immediately, the life of mankind and the whole creation will be in danger. We are dependent on nature, we cannot live without nature, so we all must protect nature, protect every inch of it like the apple of an eye, use natural resources wisely, use every drop of water sparingly, always take care of nature. we have to do it. And it is worth mentioning that oil and gas also cause great damage to the environment. As everyone knows, I can say that we witnessed a shortage of oil, gas and electric energy in our country during the anomalous winter season at the beginning of this year. We know that in our country, 86% of electric energy is produced by burning oil and gas, 4% by burning coal, and 9% by burning electricity, i.e., by water in rivers and canals. Only 1 percent of elector energy is produced from solar panels. Of course, first of all, it causes great damage to the environment. And besides, it causes the waste of oil and gas.
If the changes to the above-mentioned circumstances are not focused on the production of oil, gas or coal, but on the production of electric energy from solar panels and wind mills, and on the production of oil, gas, and coal, If we reduce emissions, we will not only reduce the damage to ecology and the environment, but also save oil and gas. Then the level of supply of oil, gas and electrical energy to the population will increase during any anomalous cold weather, which will greatly contribute to the improvement of the well-being of the population. Impact of environmental factors on economic growth and green bonds
Sarvinoz TULIYEVA Abdulla qizi, [07.10.2024 9:06]
Research on the impact of environmental factors on economic growth was carried out from the end of the XVIII century to the beginning of the XIX century. As one of the first studies, studies on the proper use of natural resources and the interests of future generations were described in the book “The beginning of economic policy and taxes” by the English economist David Ricardo. In the research, the author thinks that considering natural resources as an inexhaustible wealth creates negative consequences for the future generation. The author paid special attention to the need to plant new forests instead of the ones that have been cut down.
As a new financial instrument in the stock market, green bonds differ from other instruments in that they are aimed at financing environmentally beneficial projects, renewable energy projects, increasing energy efficiency and using environmentally friendly transport.
Green bonds are beneficial for both issuers and investors. By investing in environmentally beneficial projects, the issuing enterprise creates a positive image for itself as an enterprise focused on long-term sustainable growth. The influence of this factor for business is increasing year by year. Also, another advantage of green bonds is that they allow attracting capital through relatively low capital payments due to high demand from investors. As the environmental situation worsens year by year, the number of institutional investors who want to add green assets to their portfolios is increasing. The origin of green obligations is not different from ordinary obligations. There may be twice the number of mutual funds lost from environmental protection. trade turnover from 2017 to 2021 time market 81.6 bln. US 517.4 billion, 6.3 times more than the dollar. US reached the dollar. it can be seen from the analysis that the investments in “green bonds” generated by the road recorded the dynamics of the pandemic, although the growth slowed down, but it did not stop completely. the recovery of the world economy after the disease, the pandemic, the new bond market increased by 517.4 billion compared to 2020. US made up the dollar. It is worth estimating that specialists and experts in 2025 the market of “green obligations” will have a trade volume of 1 trillion. US They are realistic in their forecasts that it will reach USD. Investments in the green economy
Green investments are sources of financing of projects and models aimed at protecting the environment, providing for the introduction of new conservation technologies, green financial products, new markets for alternative energy and the development of green energy types.
Despite the fact that “green” financing as a segment of the financial market is still in the recovery stage, financial instruments such as “green” loans, “green” bonds, “green” investment funds and “green” stock indices are showing rapid development. According to experts’ estimates, in 2030, the world will spend about 93 trillion dollars on the implementation of “green” projects, which will require extensive use of appropriate financial instruments.
It remains an important issue to determine whether an investment object is an environmentally beneficial project. In a traditional “non-green” industry, buying shares in a business that is an industry leader in using environmentally conscious business practices is not a “green” investment for everyone. For example, consider an oil company with a good environmental record. Although the company does its best to avoid any direct damage to the environment during its day-to-day operations of drilling oil wells, many investors oppose buying its stock as a green investment because burning fossil fuels is a major cause of global warming. factor is counted. Summary
In short, the green economy is a system aimed at establishing an all-round harmless production process and the production of environmentally friendly products with the economical use of available resources. It can be said that the main reason why the theory of green economy is so widespread today is that the existing environmental problems are gaining global importance and the goods and services offered by the green economy are aimed at solving the existing problems as well as meeting the needs of the population. The widespread introduction of green economy in Uzbekistan creates conditions for more rational use of the country’s natural resources, elimination of various environmental problems, and economic growth while increasing the eco-literacy of the population. Our country has all the opportunities and conditions for the formation and development of this direction of economic modernization. In this direction, special attention should be paid to the following:
Creation of Uzbekistan’s green economy model (strategic program) and wide implementation;
Formation of the legal-normative basis of this process;
Implementation of reforms step by step with consistency;
Modernization of economic sectors, infrastructure, wide involvement of internal and external investments in their greening;
Increasing the eco-culture of the population;
Taking into account the common interests of the state and society, ensuring their mutual cooperation in the development of this field;
Development of international cooperation in the formation of green economy can be included.
In a word, the process of greening the economy is an inevitable task for every country pursuing a reasonable economic policy when moving to the innovative stage of development.
LIST OF REFERENCES:
1. Resolution PQ-4477 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of October 4, 2019 “On approval of the strategy of the transition to the “green” economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the period of 2019-2030″.
2. Resolution No. 841 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated October 20, 2018 “On measures to implement national goals and objectives in the field of sustainable development until 2030”.
3. Basics of sustainable development and natural science. Textbook. A.E.
Ergashev et al. – T.: Baktria press, 2016.-296 p.
4. Vakhabov A.V., Khajibakiev SH.Kh, “Green” economy
theoretical and practical aspects of ensuring sustainable economic growth. Scientific electronic magazine. XXI century: issues of science and education. 2017
5. Jonathan M. Harris. Sustainability and Sustainable Development. International Society for Ecological Economics.
Websites:
1.https://uznature.uz/uz – website of the Ministry of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Climate Change of the Republic of Uzbekistan
2. https://yashil-iqtisodiyot-taraqqiyot.uzYASHIL
3.https://www.ifoam.bio/global-organic-area-continues-grow
4.https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/biodiversity/
Pardayeva Dildora
Uzbekistan Karshi State University, Faculty of Economics, student of the 3rd stage of economics
